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    Long Multiplication Calculator

    Column multiplication with partial products, step by step

    Long Multiplication Calculator

    Multiplicand (number to be multiplied)
    Multiplier (number to multiply by)

    Long Multiplication: How It Works

    Multiply by each digit of the multiplier from the right, writing each partial product one place further left; then add the partial products.

    Example: 75 × 12

    75 × 12 in a column

    75
    ×12
    150
    +750
    900

    In the column: product 900.

    1. Step 1Multiply the multiplicand by the last digit of the multiplier, 2: 75 × 2 = 150.
      • 5 × 2 = 10. Write 0 and carry 1.
      • 7 × 2 = 14, plus the carried 1 makes 15. Write 5 and carry 1.
      • No digits are left, so the carried 1 is written in front: the partial product is 150.
    2. Step 2The next digit of the multiplier is 1, and it stands for 10: 75 × 10 = 750.
      • 5 × 1 = 5. Write 5.
      • 7 × 1 = 7. Write 7.
    3. Sum of the partial products150 + 750 = 900
    Products people look up
    MultiplicationProduct
    12 × 560
    17 × 351
    25 × 4100
    30 × 6180
    12 × 12144
    15 × 15225
    20 × 20400
    75 × 12900
    80 × 11880
    480 × 31,440
    150 × 3450
    100 × 10010,000

    See Also

    Last Results

    16 × 2 = 32 - Long Multiplication
    60 × 7 = 420 - Long Multiplication
    360 × 5 = 1,800 - Long Multiplication
    28 × 4 = 112 - Long Multiplication
    62 × 8 = 496 - Long Multiplication
    75 × 30 = 2,250 - Long Multiplication
    76 × 9 = 684 - Long Multiplication
    400 × 5 = 2,000 - Long Multiplication
    20 × 12 = 240 - Long Multiplication
    700 × 6 = 4,200 - Long Multiplication
    76 × 4 = 304 - Long Multiplication
    100 × 100 = 10,000 - Long Multiplication
    44 × 8 = 352 - Long Multiplication
    990 × 2 = 1,980 - Long Multiplication
    11 × 11 = 121 - Long Multiplication
    25 × 20 = 500 - Long Multiplication
    25 × 2 = 50 - Long Multiplication
    840 × 5 = 4,200 - Long Multiplication
    60 × 10 = 600 - Long Multiplication
    23 × 4 = 92 - Long Multiplication
    35 × 4 = 140 - Long Multiplication
    60 × 6 = 360 - Long Multiplication
    700 × 7 = 4,900 - Long Multiplication
    100 × 3 = 300 - Long Multiplication
    66 × 5 = 330 - Long Multiplication
    48 × 3 = 144 - Long Multiplication
    12 × 10 = 120 - Long Multiplication
    47 × 4 = 188 - Long Multiplication
    64 × 8 = 512 - Long Multiplication
    18 × 2 = 36 - Long Multiplication
    80 × 7 = 560 - Long Multiplication
    12 × 4 = 48 - Long Multiplication
    60 × 5 = 300 - Long Multiplication
    480 × 3 = 1,440 - Long Multiplication
    300 × 4 = 1,200 - Long Multiplication
    60 × 8 = 480 - Long Multiplication
    100 × 10 = 1,000 - Long Multiplication
    69 × 5 = 345 - Long Multiplication
    37 × 2 = 74 - Long Multiplication
    15 × 5 = 75 - Long Multiplication
    80 × 5 = 400 - Long Multiplication
    100 × 2 = 200 - Long Multiplication
    32 × 4 = 128 - Long Multiplication
    270 × 3 = 810 - Long Multiplication
    42 × 7 = 294 - Long Multiplication
    800 × 3 = 2,400 - Long Multiplication
    30 × 10 = 300 - Long Multiplication
    160 × 4 = 640 - Long Multiplication
    350 × 4 = 1,400 - Long Multiplication
    15 × 4 = 60 - Long Multiplication
    15 × 12 = 180 - Long Multiplication
    60 × 15 = 900 - Long Multiplication
    130 × 6 = 780 - Long Multiplication
    13 × 7 = 91 - Long Multiplication
    170 × 5 = 850 - Long Multiplication
    25 × 16 = 400 - Long Multiplication

    FAQ

    How does long multiplication work?

    Write the multiplicand above the multiplier, right-aligned. Multiply the whole multiplicand by each digit of the multiplier in turn, carrying whenever a column passes nine, and shift each partial product one place further to the left. Adding the partial products gives the answer.

    Why is each partial product shifted to the left?

    Because the digit it came from is not a plain digit but a place value. In 12 × 15 the 1 of 15 stands for ten, so its partial product is 12 × 10 = 120, not 12 — the shift is what turns the digit into its place value.

    Does the order of the two numbers matter?

    Not for the answer: 16 × 3 and 3 × 16 are both 48, because multiplication is commutative. It does change the work — the number with fewer digits is easier to use as the multiplier, since it produces fewer partial products.

    How do you check a multiplication result?

    Divide the product back by one of the factors: if 16 × 3 = 48, then 48 ÷ 3 must give 16 exactly, with no remainder. The long division calculator on this site shows that check step by step.

    Can this calculator multiply decimals or fractions?

    It works with whole numbers only. Fractions and mixed numbers are handled by the fraction multiplication calculator; for a decimal, multiply without the point and then move the point back by as many places as both factors have together.