Long Multiplication: 31 × 4

"Long Multiplication Calculator" Calculator

Multiplicand (number to be multiplied)

Multiplier (number to multiply by)

What is 31 × 4?

Answer

31 × 4 = 124

31 × 4 and 4 × 31 are the same product — the order of the factors never changes the answer, only the working. Below, 31 is multiplied by 4 in a column, digit by digit.

31 × 4 in a Column

The multiplicand goes on top, the multiplier underneath, both aligned on the right. The multiplier has a single digit, so there is one partial product and the answer goes straight under the line.

  31
×  4
 124
31 × 4 = 124

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Multiply the multiplicand by the last digit of the multiplier, 4: 31 × 4 = 124.

  • 1 × 4 = 4. Write 4.
  • 3 × 4 = 12. Write 2 and carry 1.
  • No digits are left, so the carried 1 is written in front: the partial product is 124.

31 × 4

=

124

Check It, and What It Is Not

Check by dividing back. Multiplication and division undo each other, so 124 ÷ 4 = 31 must come out exactly, with no remainder.

Fractions are a different calculation. Both factors here are whole numbers; for 2/3 or 2 3/4 use the fraction multiplication calculator, which multiplies numerators and denominators separately.

31 × 4 is a number, not an area. If those are the sides of a room in feet, the answer is 124 square feet — the same arithmetic, a different question, and it is answered by the square footage calculator.

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About "Long Multiplication Calculator" Calculator

This calculator multiplies two whole numbers the way it is done on paper: digit by digit, carrying where the column overflows, then adding the partial products together. For example, it can help you find out what is 31 × 4? (The answer is: 124). Enter the multiplicand (e.g. '31') and the multiplier (e.g. '4') and hit the button. The order of the two numbers does not matter — 31 × 4 and 4 × 31 are the same product — so either number can go on top. Fractions and mixed numbers belong to the fraction multiplication calculator, and the reverse operation is long division.

"Long Multiplication Calculator" Calculator

Multiplicand (number to be multiplied)

Multiplier (number to multiply by)

Products of 31

MultiplicationProduct
21 × 484
22 × 488
23 × 492
24 × 496
25 × 4100
26 × 4104
27 × 4108
28 × 4112
29 × 4116
30 × 4120
31 × 4124
32 × 4128
33 × 4132
34 × 4136
35 × 4140
36 × 4144
37 × 4148
38 × 4152
39 × 4156
40 × 4160

FAQ

What is 31 × 4?

31 × 4 = 124

Is 31 × 4 the same as 4 × 31?

Yes. Multiplication is commutative, so both come to 124. Only the working differs: this page multiplies by 4, which gives a single partial product.

How do you check that 31 × 4 = 124?

Divide the product back by one of the factors: 124 ÷ 4 = 31 exactly, with no remainder. Multiplication and division undo each other, which is what makes this check work.

What are the partial products of 31 × 4?

There is only one: the multiplier 4 has a single digit, so 31 × 4 = 124 is written straight under the line, with no addition step.

See Also